• Aug 9, 2025 actuarial mathematics for life contingent risks 2nd bes the instantaneous mortality rate at age \( x \). These functions underpin the valuation of life contingent cash flows. Relationship between survival functions and force of mortality: \( _tp_x = \exp \left(-\int_0^t \mu_{x+s} ds \right) \) Valuation of Life Contingent Policies Present Value C By Jason Blanda
